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Walls, the XV century. Preservation #727/4 | Foto
Staroposhtovyi Uzviz
The defensive
walls at the Lower Polish Gate (Staroposhtovyi Uzviz) refers to the North-western
city fortifications. One of the walls go aside the Pryberezhna
Tower (the �oastal Tower) eastward. It was built in the XV century, simultaneously
with the system of the Polish Gate. The gate was located in its lower tier.
It was repaired at the beginning of the XVIII century. In the 1876, the wall
with the gate was partly demolished. Now, only the plot, 18 m long, remained
from it. The Stairs of Farengol'ts were built on its basis in 1830. The second
defensive wall was located along the coastal strip, beginning from the
ruins of the Pryberezhna Tower. It was built in the first quarter of the
XVIII century. In the second part of the XIX century, the coastal part along
the wall was strenghtened with the embankment, that covered a considerable part
of it. The part of the stone wall, 42 m long, with 25 embrasures has remained
till today. The wall thickness in the upper part is 1.5 m, the height of the
wall is 2.5 m. The embrasures were built with the sides, widening in two directions.
They are covered with stone tie plates of three-centered contour from both sides.
In 1964, the restoration and conservation works were carried out there.
The defensive wall with two gates between the Lower and Upper Polish Gates (Staroposhtovyi
Uzviz) is located in the western part of the road, connecting both ensembles
of the Polish Gate. It began with the first gate at the rise of the road, and
finished with the second one near the Kushnirs'ka Tower.
It was built in 1762. In 1772, the first gate was reconstructed by Ya. de Vitte.
In 1832, their bays were doubled. The length of the defensive wall is 195 m.
It is made of stone. It is 1.1 m thick in its upper part. Its height is 1-2
m from the side of the road, and 4-5 m - from the side of the rock steep. In
1965, the conservation works were carried out there. The first, Lower Gate looks
like two stone columns, rectangular in plan, 4.5 m high. It is finished with
cornice, and stone laying, layed up pyramidally. The second, upper gate are
made with one stone column, put on 3 m distance from the foundation of the
Kushnirs'ka Tower. The stone semi-circular arch is thrown over them. The
wall thickness of the gates are 2.3 m.
The defensive wall with the tower at the Upper Polish Gate (Kuznets'ka St.)
is located along the edge of the upper terrace and is a part of the complex
of the North-western city fortifications at the Upper Polish Gate. The square
tower and defensive wall were built in the XIV century. At the end of the XVII
century, the South-western part of the wall, 35.5 m long, was cut off by the
Turkish Bastion. At the beginning of the XX century, a part of the defensive
wall between the Vitriana Brama (the Wind Gate) and the square tower was demolished.
The stone tower, square in plan, with sides 7.6 m, has a wall thickness of 1.8
m, and height 10.6 m. The defensive wall, 37.5 m long, between the square tower
and the Turkish Bastion is made of stone. The wall thickness in the level of
the embrasures is 1.8 m. The lower part of the wall is strengthened with the
row of wide counterforts at the floor. The height of the walls from the side
of the lower terrace is 9 m.
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Translated
by Yana Anufriyeva
mail to: [email protected]