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Building of the City House of Culture, Former
Pushkins'kyi Public House | Foto
20 Shevchenko St.
It is situated in the corner of Shevchenko and
Pushkins'ka streets of New City, near the park of culture and rest. It was built
on public funds in the autumn, 1900 as a building of theatre. It is stone, two-storied,
in the style of the late Russian classicism along with the Renaissance and Baroque
architecture (amfilade of columns at the elevation, pediments). There is a large
lobby with the main stairs to the second floor and a hall for 800 places with
a dress circle, a stage with an orchestra pit in the building.
On January 3, 1901, Pushkins'kyi Public House was opened there (the theatre,
library, place for the solemn events, entertaining balls, public lectures),
from 1921 to 1941, Levchenko T.G. Ukrainian dramatic theatre was located there,
from the 50's till nowadays the House of Culture is located there.
In 1904 and 1907, the first folk art exhibitions were arranged by artist V.K.Rozvadovs'kyi,
the founder of the artistic school in the city (1904). The famous Ukrainian
artists Y.L.Rubchakova (1902, 1919), O.A. Petrusenko (1938) acted on the stage
of Pushkins'kyi House in different times. From 1901 to 1922, F.V.Rutkovs'kyi
- a dramatist, actor, theatre man, member of the society of Russian writers
and composers, had been working there.
The revolutionary and political events are connected with Pushkins'kyi Public
House. On November 24, 1905, thousands of workers and peasants came there with
Red flags and overfilled the auditorium; the anti-autocratic meeting with demand
of land, job and rights finished with a battle with police. A lot of activist
were arrested. In February, 1906, the evening party dedicated to T.G. Shevchenko
was held there, it was the first open reading of "Kobzar".
In May, 1917, the 1st congress of the South-Western front was held in Pushkins'kyi
House (700 delegates). For continuation of the war till the total victory were
commander of the front general A.A.Brusylov, Head of the Provisional Government
A.F.Kerens'kyi, French socialist A.Toma, S.R. (member of Socialist Revolutionary
Party) B.V.Savenkov. Against the war, for change of the rule into Soviet was
ensign N.Z.Krylenko - the representative of �� ����� (b) and an army committee
of the II army, later the first Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed forces
of the Soviet republic.
At the beginning of December, 1917, the 2nd congress of Ukrainian Rebellious
Army with participation of 750 delegates was held. New ��� was elected at the
head of N.Lengovs'kyi and ratified by the commissar of the army I.P.Vasianin,
who was sent as a delegates for the third All-Russian congress of the Soviets.
In May l9l9, the 1st congress of the Soviets of Kamyanets'-Podil's'kyi was held
in Pushkins'kyi House. On August 29, 1921, the grand meeting of the city council
of working, peasant and Red Army deputies was held there.
H.G.Rakovs'kyi - the chairman of the UPC (Union of People's Commissars) of Ukraine,
M.V.Frunze - the commander-in-chief of Military Forces of Ukraine and the Crimea,
V.P.Zatons'kyi - people's commissar, the member of Soviet Military Forces (���
���) spoke at the meeting. People's commissars D.Z.Manuil's'kyi and M.K.Vladymyrov
took part in the work of the meeting. The resolution of the meeting aimed the
workers to consolidation of the Soviet rule, fulfillment of the plans of collecting
the taxes. On March 12, 1922, the grand meeting of the City Soviet, trade unions,
representatives of the peasants and Red Army men was held in the building of
the theatre; M.I.Kalinin and G.I.Petrovs'kyi speaked with reports at the meeting.
They came in the city on the agitation train The October Revolution to help
the starving people of Povolzhia and the south of Ukraine, also for interpretation
of the home and foreign policy of the Soviet State.
From the beginning of the 20's till nowadays the building is an important centre
of the cultural and educational and political life of the city, the place of
the folk art and and amateur collectives.
LITERATURE
����������� �����������. �.281. - ��.1. -
��.��.7899. - ��. 26-29, 31-34.
������������ ���������� �� ������������. 1921-1941. ��������� � ��������.
- ����: �������, 1989. - �.15-16, 21-22.
��������� ���������� �� ������������. 1921-1982. ��������� � ��������. - ����:
�������, 1983. - �.23-24.
����� �. ������� � ������������. - �.,19�1. - �.24-31, 80-83.
�������� �. �������� ���������. - �.: ���������, 1989. - �.29-30,90.
������������ �.�. ������ ����������. ��������� - ������. - �., 1983. - �.211.
�.�.�������� � ������. ���� ���.�������-�����. ����., ���������� 175-����
�� ��� ���������� �.�.��������. �.1. - ���'�����-����������, 1989. -�.36,38.
�������� �. ����� ����������. //������ ������ /���'�����-����������/. - 1990.
- 19 ���.
�.�.�������, �.�.���������
APPENDIX
The text of the memorial plate: Here on March
12, 1922 at the meeting of the Town Soviet M.I.Kalinin and G.I. Petrovs'kyi
spoke in public.
Oleksiy Oleksiyovych Brusylov
Volodymyr Petrovych Zatons'kyi
Myhaylo Ivanovych Kalinin
Olexandr Fedorovych Kerens'kyi
Dmytro Zaharovych Manuil's'kyi
Grygoriy Ivanovych Petrovs'kyi
Oxana Andriyivna Petrusenko
Hrystian Georgiyovych Rakovs'kyi
Vyacheslav Konstantynovych Rozvadovs'kyi
Kateryna Andriyivna Rubchakova
Fadey Viktorovych Rudkovs'kyi
Myhaylo Vasyliovych Frunze.
L.V.Bazhenov, S.M.Fedorenko
Translated
by Yana Anufriyeva
mail to: [email protected]
IF THE WALLS COULD TALK
The City House of Culture in Kamyanets-Podil's'kyi is known by everybody: children
and adults. In the documents it is known as Pushkins'kyi Public House. Its building
began in the spring, 1899, when all the country prepared to celebrate the centenary
of birthday of the great Russian poet, O.S. Pushkin. The documents of the Khmel'nyts'kyi
Oblas't State Archives testify that building was planned in 1897, two years
before the anniversary.
From 1897 to 1899, the Podillian Governer, the representatives of Kuratorstvo
and Kamyanets' City Duma were in correspondence on allotment of the lot and
funds on the building of the Public Auditorium. On December 15, 1898, after
long quarrels, on the meeting of the members of Kamyanets-Podilska City Duma
the resolution about giving the Podillian "Popechytel'stvo o Narodnoy Trezvosti"
(The Guardianship of the Public Soberness ) 300 square sajen's (the ancient
measure) of the earth for building the Public Auditorium at the corner of Bogodel'nyches'ka
and Bul'varna Streets (now Pushkins'ka and Shevchenko Street). The original
photos, dated from May 26, 1899, remained in the funds of the Historical Museum.
They depict the celebration of the centenary of birthday of O.S. Pushkin in
the city of Kayanets. They also show the building of the Pushkin's House, where
the portret of the poet, decorated with the garlands, green branches and flags,
was placed.
The building of the Pushkin's House was finished in the autumn, 1900. For the
first time it opened its doors for the celebration of the New Year's Tree on
January 3, 1901. According to the newspaper "Podil's'ki Yeparhial'ni Vidomosti"
(The Podillian Eparchy Bulletin), three hundred of the boys and girls were gathered
for the celebration in the great hall. There was central heating and electric
lighting in the house.
For many years the lectures, discussions and theatrical performances were organized
in the Pushkin's House. Also the library worked there.
Under the name the Pushkin's Public House it existed till 1918. Later, it was
renamed into the theatre.
In May, 1917, the meeting of the representatives of the parts of the South-western
front, where bolshevyk, M.V.Krylenko spoke in public. Later he became the Supreme
Commander-in-Chief of the armed forces of the Soviet Republic.
From 1921, Shevchenko Ukrainian Drama Theatre was opened for the people.
In March, 1922, M.I.Kalinin and G.I.Petrovs'kyi visited Kamyanets-Podil's'kyi.
In the newspaper "Chervona Pravda" (The Red Truth) from March 15,
1922, it was written that the ceremonial meeting of the Local Rada had taken
place on March 12, in the evening, in Shevchenko Theatre. M.I.Kalinin key-noted
on the internal state of the country, meaning of the new economic policy and
help the starving people of Povolzhia. G.I.Petrovs'kyi spoke about the international
state of the Soviet Union.
National artist of the USSR, M.I.Lytvynenko-Vol'gemut, I.S.Patorzhyns'ky, and
other famous artists performed in the theatre during the prewar five-year plans.
The theatre of the Russian Drama worked there after war. In 1959, the Amateur
People's Theatre was founded there. It worked more than 20 years.
The City House of Culture is one of the cultural and educational institutions
of the city. The citizens of the city hurry to this building for watching plays
of the People's Theatre, for the parties, concerts, lectures. People can't imagine
how much these walls had heard and seen...
������� �. ���� ���� ����� �������� // ��������� ������. -
������������, 1981. - 2 ������.
Translated
by Yana Anufriyeva
mail to: [email protected]