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Dwelling
House. Preservation Number # 22-�� | Foto
4 Tatars'ka St.
The house
is a monument of architecture of local importance. It is situated in the north-western
part of the Old Town. Analysis of the archival documents and plans of the city
testifies, that at the end of the XVII �entury, the slot has already been built
up. At the end of the XVIII �entury, there was a rectangular building there.
At the beginning of the ղ� �entury, a stone one-storied house was built there.
In the period from 1899 till 1905, the 2nd floor was built on and it was widened
northward, as a result in the northern part a tunnel passage with a wooden gate
was made there.
In
such a shape the building exists till the present.
S.�.Popovevs'ka. Historical information NH�R "��myanets'"
4 Tatars'ka St. (former Karl Marx Street)
K.Paustovs'kyi wrote that if follow the history of any old house, track the
lives of all its inhabitants, describe the events that took place in the house,
it will make up a great social novel. These words may be related to many houses
of the Old Town. The people who lived in them, took part in civil and cultural
life of Kamyanets', that is why notes about them came to the present days.
This is not large two-storied house # 4 in Tatars'ka Street (former K. Marx,
Karmelits'ka, Soborna). Its architecture is simple. The tunnel passage into
the yard, paved with stone plates, remains of the ancient oak gate attract attention.
This house has already existed at the end of the XVIII century. At the beginning
of the new century, it was expanded a lot, though it remained one-storied at
that time.
In 1827, doctor of medicine, Frants Dimer, bought the house. He was a very famous
person in Kamyanets. In 1818-1822, F.Dimer headed the Masonic "Lodge of
Oziris under the flaming star". The doctors, teachers, some officers of
the local garrison belonged to the lodge. But, actually, "the Lodge of
Oziris" could not develop their activity, as its sittings were just cause
for meetings of like-minded people. They were interested mainly in ethical questions,
also they strived for self-knowledge, self improvement, helped with widening
of education. As at the beginning of the XIX century, in Russia with the purpose
of conspiration and masking the Masonic lodges were used by the members of the
secret societies, future Decembrists. In 1822, the tsarist government forbaded
their existance.
In 1875-1899, the family of the famous in Podillia doctor and historian, I.Rolle,
lived in the house. The sick people from the city and outskirts used to come
to the house every day. I.Rolle was known as the best doctor of Kamyanets'.
Every evening the people, who were interested in the personality of I.Rolle
as a historian, gathered in his house. At that time he was already known for
his Historical Stories.
According to the evidence of the contemporaries, Rolle was a man with high level
of culture. He was also good story-teller. He studied the history of Podillia
thoroughly and knew it perfectly. He collected the ancient things.Writer H.Senkevych
used his works, when he was writing his famous trilogy, in which some events
took place in Podillia.
Even today, valuable textbooks on the history of Podillia are such works of
I.Rolle as "Fortetsi Podil's'ki na Kordonah Moldavs'kyh" (The Podillian
Fortresses on the Moldovian Borders), "Rozmovy pro Mynule" (Talks
about the Past) ("Ustym Karmaliuk ") and others. Working as a doctor,
Rolle did a lot for improvement the state of health protection, took part in
the building of the ambulance station for free medical treatment of the sick
people, in arranging a station of vaccination against smallpox.
In 1899, the widow of the historian, Idalia Rolle, sold the house. The new owner
overbuilt the second floor. From that time the house almost was not rebuilt,
and in has the same appearence till now.
Today, the house # 4 is in the list of the monuments of architecture. In the
future, the restoration of the elevations, inner replanning and providing of
the monument with public utilities is planned.
�������� �. ������ ����� ������, 4 \\ ������ ������. - ���-���., 1983. - 20
������.
Translated
by Yana Anufriyeva
mail to: [email protected]